See game in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gameful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gamely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gamen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "game"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gemme"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gem"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gyem"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "game"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "gaame"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "gaume"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "gaaume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:gamen<id:form of entertainment>",
"id": "form of entertainment",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *gamaną\nProto-West Germanic *gaman\nOld English gamen\nMiddle English game",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gamen//gomen"
},
"expansion": "Old English gamen /gomen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gaman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gaman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gamaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gamaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *gamaną\nProto-West Germanic *gaman\nOld English gamen\nMiddle English game\nFrom Old English gamen /gomen, from Proto-West Germanic *gaman, from Proto-Germanic *gamaną, of disputed origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "games",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "game",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gamen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gemen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gammen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaume",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gamme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gamin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "geme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "game",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "games",
"pl2": "game"
},
"expansion": "game (plural games or game)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 23 23 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"A sport or other outdoor or physical activity."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-8mB7LlHE",
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
],
[
"outdoor",
"outdoor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 19 8 7 6 6 11 18 7 13 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 20 8 4 5 5 12 19 6 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 8 3 7 7 12 19 7 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 23 23 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 23 10 0 4 4 15 26 4 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "enm:Hunting",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 10 1 5 5 14 21 5 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meats",
"orig": "enm:Meats",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"A game; a codified (and often competitive) form of entertainment."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-vDzCf5jT",
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"game",
"game#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 23 23 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sex",
"orig": "enm:Sex",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"Sexual or romantic entertainment or activity (including intercourse in itself)."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-ItPAEqKh",
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"activity",
"activity"
],
[
"intercourse",
"intercourse#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 23 23 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Entertainment",
"orig": "enm:Entertainment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"An amusing, joking, or humorous activity or event."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-t~i8Frt2",
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any kind of event or occurrence; something that happens:",
"An endeavour; a set of actions towards a goal."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-gxfqO1R~",
"links": [
[
"event",
"event"
],
[
"occurrence",
"occurrence"
],
[
"endeavour",
"endeavour"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any kind of event or occurrence; something that happens:",
"Any kind of activity having competition or rivalry."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-s6c~N9Rq",
"links": [
[
"event",
"event"
],
[
"occurrence",
"occurrence"
],
[
"competition",
"competition"
],
[
"rivalry",
"rivalry"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 19 8 7 6 6 11 18 7 13 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 20 8 4 5 5 12 19 6 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 8 3 7 7 12 19 7 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 19 8 1 4 4 27 18 4 12 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 23 10 0 4 4 15 26 4 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "enm:Hunting",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 10 1 5 5 14 21 5 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meats",
"orig": "enm:Meats",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being happy or joyful."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-quMv1ttX",
"links": [
[
"happy",
"happy"
],
[
"joyful",
"joyful"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 19 8 7 6 6 11 18 7 13 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 20 8 4 5 5 12 19 6 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 8 3 7 7 12 19 7 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 17 6 4 5 5 9 25 8 11 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "enm:Games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 23 10 0 4 4 15 26 4 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "enm:Hunting",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 10 1 5 5 14 21 5 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meats",
"orig": "enm:Meats",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 0 0 0 0 0 0 57 0 12 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "enm:Sports",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Game; wild animals hunted for food."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-hjdVF1ky",
"links": [
[
"Game",
"game#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"One's quarry; that which one is trying to catch."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun--jdLebjb",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) One's quarry; that which one is trying to catch."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 19 8 7 6 6 11 18 7 13 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 20 8 4 5 5 12 19 6 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 8 3 7 7 12 19 7 13 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 23 10 0 4 4 15 26 4 14 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "enm:Hunting",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 22 10 1 5 5 14 21 5 14 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meats",
"orig": "enm:Meats",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Gamesmanship; gaming behaviour."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-dTk-jlgm",
"links": [
[
"Gamesmanship",
"gamesmanship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Gamesmanship; gaming behaviour."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"The reward for winning a game."
],
"id": "en-game-enm-noun-5QhFoDu5",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The reward for winning a game."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡaːm(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡam(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡaːmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡamən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɔːm(ə)/",
"note": "from OE stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɔːmən/",
"note": "from OE stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɛːm(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Kent"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɛːmən/",
"tags": [
"Kent"
]
}
],
"word": "game"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gæmnian"
},
"expansion": "Old English gæmnian",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English gæmnian, gamnian, gamenian.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "game",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gamen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of gamen"
],
"id": "en-game-enm-verb-~FrFRgwg",
"links": [
[
"gamen",
"gamen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "game"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with etymology trees",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Entertainment",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Hunting",
"enm:Meats",
"enm:Sex",
"enm:Sports"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gameful"
},
{
"word": "gamely"
},
{
"word": "gamen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "game"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gemme"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gem"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "gyem"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "game"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "gaame"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "gaume"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "gaaume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:gamen<id:form of entertainment>",
"id": "form of entertainment",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *gamaną\nProto-West Germanic *gaman\nOld English gamen\nMiddle English game",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gamen//gomen"
},
"expansion": "Old English gamen /gomen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gaman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gaman",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gamaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gamaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *gamaną\nProto-West Germanic *gaman\nOld English gamen\nMiddle English game\nFrom Old English gamen /gomen, from Proto-West Germanic *gaman, from Proto-Germanic *gamaną, of disputed origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "games",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "game",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gamen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gemen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gammen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaume",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gamme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gamin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gomun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "gam",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "geme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "game",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "games",
"pl2": "game"
},
"expansion": "game (plural games or game)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"A sport or other outdoor or physical activity."
],
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
],
[
"outdoor",
"outdoor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"A game; a codified (and often competitive) form of entertainment."
],
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"game",
"game#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"Sexual or romantic entertainment or activity (including intercourse in itself)."
],
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"activity",
"activity"
],
[
"intercourse",
"intercourse#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Entertainment or an instance of it; that which is enjoyable:",
"An amusing, joking, or humorous activity or event."
],
"links": [
[
"Entertainment",
"entertainment"
],
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any kind of event or occurrence; something that happens:",
"An endeavour; a set of actions towards a goal."
],
"links": [
[
"event",
"event"
],
[
"occurrence",
"occurrence"
],
[
"endeavour",
"endeavour"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any kind of event or occurrence; something that happens:",
"Any kind of activity having competition or rivalry."
],
"links": [
[
"event",
"event"
],
[
"occurrence",
"occurrence"
],
[
"competition",
"competition"
],
[
"rivalry",
"rivalry"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The state of being happy or joyful."
],
"links": [
[
"happy",
"happy"
],
[
"joyful",
"joyful"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Game; wild animals hunted for food."
],
"links": [
[
"Game",
"game#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"One's quarry; that which one is trying to catch."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) One's quarry; that which one is trying to catch."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Gamesmanship; gaming behaviour."
],
"links": [
[
"Gamesmanship",
"gamesmanship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Gamesmanship; gaming behaviour."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The reward for winning a game."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The reward for winning a game."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡaːm(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡam(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡaːmən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡamən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɔːm(ə)/",
"note": "from OE stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɔːmən/",
"note": "from OE stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɛːm(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Kent"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɛːmən/",
"tags": [
"Kent"
]
}
],
"word": "game"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Entertainment",
"enm:Games",
"enm:Hunting",
"enm:Meats",
"enm:Sex",
"enm:Sports"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gæmnian"
},
"expansion": "Old English gæmnian",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English gæmnian, gamnian, gamenian.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "game",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gamen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of gamen"
],
"links": [
[
"gamen",
"gamen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "game"
}
Download raw JSONL data for game meaning in Middle English (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.